The Chain cent of 1793 was the very first United States cent struck for general circulation. The obverse shows Liberty with flowing hair; the reverse encloses ONE CENT and the fraction 1/100 within a chain of linked rings. The chain motif drew immediate criticism — one newspaper said Liberty looked “in a fright” and the chain was “an ill omen” for a newly free nation — so the design was discontinued within weeks.
Key facts
- Designed by: Henry Voigt
- Issue date: 1793 (one year only)
- Composition: Pure copper
- Diameter: ~26–27 mm
- Weight: 13.47 grams (208 grains)
- Edge: Vine and bars
- Mintage: 36,103
There are two main varieties, grouped as one design type by most collectors: the first dies abbreviated the legend as UNITED STATES OF AMERI. (Sheldon-1), and later dies spelled out AMERICA in full (some with periods after the date and LIBERTY). Because the shallow dies wore quickly, Chain cents often look more worn than they are and the obverse frequently grades below the reverse.
Chain cents are scarce in every grade — most survivors are Fair to Fine, Very Fine and Extremely Fine are elusive, and Uncirculated pieces are great rarities. It is one of the most coveted type coins in all of U.S. numismatics.
We actively buy 1793 Chain cents in any grade. Send photos for a free, no-obligation offer and expert evaluation.